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- June 22, 1987Interview: Margaret Thatcher"We Are Building a Property-Owning Democracy"
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- Serene and assured, Prime Minister Thatcher defends her record
- and speaks of the future
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- After only four hours of sleep and a day spent thanking
- campaign workers and consulting with colleagues, Margaret
- Thatcher welcomed TIME London Bureau Chief Christopher Ogden and
- Reporter Frank Melville upstairs at No. 10 Downing Street to
- talk about her plans for a third term. Wearing a blue suit and
- her trademark double strand of pearls, she sat at a small table
- in an oak-paneled room. Behind her were congratulatory baskets
- of flowers. Excerpts from the interview:
-
- Q. How do you interpret the election?
-
- A. It means that the policies we were pursuing,which we put
- openly and frankly before the people, were thought to be right
- for Britain. They were policies which were a partnership between
- government and people--namely, we do the things which only
- governments can do, running the finances in a sound way, keeping
- inflation down, cutting controls and giving tax incentives. And
- we got the response in an increasing enterprise and
- competitiveness from the British people. And that produced a
- higher standard of living.
-
- Q. Why do people accuse you so bitterly of lacking compassion?
-
- A. Some people think that to be compassionate and caring you
- have to talk a lot about it. We've always taken the view that
- you should be judged by what you do and not by what you say, and
- we're prepared to be judged on that--any day of the week.
-
- Q. What are the most important accomplishments of your first
- eight years?
-
- A. First, we have reduced the fantastic number of controls
- that there were over the life of our society. The greatest
- driving force in life, which is individual energy and effort,
- was becoming really cocooned. Secondly, people do need
- incentives to encourage them to work harder, and if you take too
- much away in tax, then you will not get that driving incentive.
- Plus the trade union law. When we took over, it seemed as if
- the left-wing trade union leaders were more powerful than the
- government of the day. All of this has been replaced by
- different systems. We now know that the spirit of enterprise
- is there. The economy is doing well and catching up with our
- European competitors.
-
- Q. What are your plans for a third term?
-
- A. I will extend opportunities to people who never had them
- before. As you know, we are building a property-owning
- democracy. Far more people own their own homes now. We are
- nearly up to the United States--not yet quite--but now one in
- five of our people owns company shares. Far many more people
- have savings accounts. That's all extending opportunity ever
- more widely.
-
- Q. How far will you extend privatization?
-
- A. Some of our water has been supplied to people by private
- companies for years. The great amount of it is done under
- public authorities, and many of them tell us they would be able
- to run very much more efficiently if they were able to run their
- own operation. Also we shall then embark upon privatizing
- electricity, which you [in the U.S.] are used to. And then
- we'll have a look at other things and see how best we can bring
- them onto the market--always, I must say, giving the people who
- work in those enterprises the first chance to purchase shares
- at an advantageous price. Our policy is that every earner shall
- be an owner.
-
- Q. Is there increased anti-Americanism in this country at the
- moment?
-
- A. You will hear a good deal of it on the left wing of the
- Labor Party, but in almost every speech I give, I say this
- [Conservative] Party and these people are pro-American, and
- before I finish the sentence a round of applause breaks out.
- People are enormously appreciative of the generosity of the
- American people and of their fundamental love of liberty. I
- tend to regard the United States as Europe on the other side of
- the Atlantic, which of course is really very much what it is.
-
- Q. What's your sense of the Moscow-Washington relationship?
-
- A. I think we shall get the first agreement actually to reduce
- nuclear weapons. And we shall have gotten it by being very
- firm. As long as you are always firm in safeguarding your
- liberty and in defending it, then you do very tough
- negotiations, watching at each stage that everything you do is
- verifiable. You don't take anything on trust. The Soviet Union
- is a closed society and it's much bigger than the United States,
- so it would be much easier for them to conceal things.
-
- Q. Do you think Reagan and Gorbachev understand each other?
-
- A. I think it is easier for us to see a closed society than it
- s for those who live in a closed society to understand what an
- open society is all about. I don't think you always have to
- agree with the person you are negotiating with. What you need
- is a common interest. And it is a common interest between the
- free world and the unfree world that the two shall never come
- into warlike conflict.
-
- Q. Would you consider a fourth term?
-
- A. I can't see what is going to happen in four or five years'
- time. We've just won this election. We'll implement the
- policies that we've put forward in this election. And let's
- just see exactly where we get to.
-
- Q. When it comes time to write the definitive analysis of
- Margaret Thatcher, what would you like it to say?
-
- A. That we had the courage to tackle the things which other
- governments had run away from, and therefore transformed Britain
- from a declining country to one which could again be proud of
- her spirit of enterprise and proud as a reliable ally and an
- influential nation. In other words, to have restored the British
- character to its vitality.
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